【 abstract 】 : this paper introduces the concept and characteristics of virtual reality technology, as well as the technology application in the field of urban planning, from the overall planning, regional layout optimization, city building and urban management from four aspects of the application of virtual reality technology in the field of urban planning for example analysis, at the end of the prospect of the development of VR technology.

Key words: Virtual reality; Urban planning;

1. Concept and characteristics of virtual reality technology

1.1 Concept of virtual reality technology

Virtual Reality Technique (VR), known as one of the key technologies in the computer field in the 21st century, is a comprehensive information technology based on image digital processing, computer graphics, sensor technology, computer simulation and other technologies [1]. Through this technology, virtual environment can be constructed to simulate unknown or non-existent things and provide users with immersive feelings through tactile, visual, auditory and other senses [2].

1.2 Characteristics of virtual reality technology

Virtual reality technology simulates users' various sensory experiences comprehensively and places users in a THREE-DIMENSIONAL dynamic virtual environment. The interactive, immersive and visionary features of its technology provide users with real experience [2].

(1) Immersion

That is, users are immersed in the virtual environment constructed. VR technology uses infrared laser, mobile devices, motion sensing and other devices and technologies to monitor the user's movements, and then allows users to experience the virtual environment in real time by switching the virtual image playback, making the virtual image more realistic.

(2) mutual induction

Interaction means communication and interaction between each other, that is, users can operate objects in the environment and get feedback in time in the constructed virtual environment.

(3) Constructiveness

VR technology can not only simulate the existing environment in reality, but also simulate unknown or non-existent things. The scenes constructed by VR technology can stimulate users' endless imagination, so VR technology has a strong imagination.

2. Application of virtual reality technology in urban planning

2.1 Overall planning scheme design

The rapid development of information technology and computer has changed the way of life of human beings. The emergence of Virtual Reality (VR) technology is an important manifestation of digitization and modeling of information management, and has been gradually applied in various social fields [3]. Computer simulation technology, electronic integration technology, sensor technology and other computer virtual technology combined to form a complete VR technology. This technology realizes the interaction between users and computers through the intermediary of hardware operation panel, from which users can experience a virtual real feeling [4]. In the process of experiencing VR technology, users can actively operate and control the virtual scene interface and get different feedback experiences [5].

With the acceleration of urbanization, how to carry out efficient and reliable urban planning has become an urgent problem to be solved. In the process of urban planning and design, the use of virtual reality technology to verify the quality of the design scheme, is a very convenient and efficient way, can be true in front of the designers and relevant audit staff represent the design scheme, scientifically and objectively to deduce the development of the city changes, staff can immediate intuitive fully feel the whole design, further put forward the constructive amendments, Continuously optimize the urban planning and design scheme [6].

For the existing urban planning scheme, virtual reality technology allows observers to immerse themselves in the city constructed by the existing scheme and intuitively observe the results brought by the implementation of the scheme. The most important thing is the interactive performance of virtual reality technology. The powerful interaction enables observers to stop at any time, adjust the scheme locally, and directly compare multiple schemes in important areas to find the most suitable scheme. Compared with the traditional examination and approval, the virtual reality technology allows the observer to have a great change in the observation Angle of the examination and approval scheme. Instead of being limited to the third-person perspective, the observer can observe and analyze the urban model constructed by the scheme from any Angle. This not only intuitively obtain the results, but also greatly improve the efficiency of planning scheme formulation and modification.

For did not complete the scheme design, virtual reality technology can help to complete, can with the help of virtual reality technology, used to collect the information such as the image, directly to the existing urban structure building, it has confirmed that the scheme can be first applied to build the city for examination and approval of changes in the model, and the subsequent experiment scheme can be designed as the examination and approval, and determine the solution, Defining the solution at once reduces the time wasted by defining other solutions.

In addition, urban information can be collected by means of city photography to update the model we build, and also to check whether the implementation of the plan achieves the expected effect. Virtual reality technology can take this real-time update, convenient for us to timely adjust the plan, make the plan close to the actual situation, more suitable for the development of the city.

2.2 Fine tuning and optimization of regional planning scheme

In the implementation stage of the scheme, virtual reality technology can be used to carry out planning and design tracking in different development stages according to different situations in different development areas. It can not only consider the overall development of the city, but also design and implement different schemes according to the development differences of different regions. Considering that the functions and needs of each region are not the same, and the implementation force between different regions is not exactly the same, local areas can be fine-tuned without affecting the overall development of the city. Virtual reality technology can quickly realize this fine-tuning scheme design, at the same time can achieve fine-tuning in different areas of the design scheme is determined at the same time, also is in a simulated different areas to fine tune at the same time, can save time also can directly determine the feasibility of fine-tuning, facilitate the timely change the direction of solution. This can reduce or avoid the loss caused by urban planning errors and reduce the risk caused by the uncertainty of the scheme.

2.3 Optimization of urban building layout

Virtual reality model can also be combined with the city's existing business model to predict the development trend, so as to avoid the risk of urban planning and minefields, but also objectively and truly reproduce the existing development of the city. This also makes some special regional structures in the city appear in front of our eyes, such as ancient buildings or landmarks in the city, tourist attractions and so on. The protection and restoration of ancient buildings, especially the restoration can not withstand experiments, and virtual reality technology can solve similar problems. Multiple attempts of different restoration schemes can be carried out in the virtual reality model to determine the most appropriate restoration scheme. Other similar schemes that are not suitable for multiple experiments or have certain security risks can be determined with the help of virtual reality technology.

Virtual reality technology plays a certain role in optimizing the layout of conventional buildings in cities. Taking road layout as an example, roads are the most common in urban layout, and roads are also Bridges connecting different regions. Virtual reality technology can build road models to test the ability of roads to cope with peak traffic flow in cities. The layout of roads can also be adjusted to make the city's road layout more reasonable and improve the utilization rate of different roads. The maintenance and repair of roads can also be determined by using virtual reality models, while monitoring the use of roads and daily traffic flow in cities.

And infrastructure construction is another aspect, the infrastructure is mainly layout optimization, different requirements in different areas of the infrastructure in different, different areas can be set in the virtual reality model of population density, etc., to detect different regional demand for infrastructure, again through the virtual reality model to determine the required infrastructure layout, This will increase the utilization of infrastructure and also increase the utilization of urban space. In addition to infrastructure, the distribution and layout of buildings with different functions can also be optimized in different areas through models.

2.4 Urban Management

Based on virtual reality aspects related technologies of visual information system, based on the collected large complex 3 d data analysis and processing, can be more intuitive to reflect the change of the city, at the same time also can efficiently to precise query, retrieve, and urban management, also can undertake spatial analysis of city information, deepen the urban management work, Update urban status information rapidly and accurately [6].

Through virtual reality technology, the urban planning plan can be directly uploaded to the official website of the city, and public opinion evaluation and voting can be conducted online, which can be used as one of the bases for the implementation of urban planning plan. Virtual reality technology can be used on the official website to update the progress of the implementation of the plan, the implementation of the situation in real time, to ensure that there is enough information openness to the public.

3. The conclusion

In the process of urbanization, urban planning is essential, and good urban planning can bring good urban development. The application of virtual reality technology in the field of urban planning will not only promote the development of urban planning, but also its own development. With the development of virtual reality technology, it will be applied in more fields.

reference

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